I-Ammonium Bifluoride

I-Ammonium Bifluorideuhlobo lwenhlanganisela engaphili, ifomula yamakhemikhali yi-NH4HF2, iwukubumbana kwe-rhombic crystal system emhlophe noma engenambala, umkhiqizo unama-flake, ukunambitheka kumuncu kancane, uyagqwala, kulula ukuwukhipha, uncibilika emanzini njenge-asidi ebuthakathaka, kulula ukuwuncibilika emanzini, uncibilika kancane ku-ethanol, ufudumala noma ubolile emanzini ashisayo.

Izakhiwo ze-Physicochemical:

I-hydrogenation ye-Athomonium yaziwa nangokuthi i-acid ammonium fluoride. I-Chemical NH4F · HF. Isisindo sama-molecule singu-57.04. Amakristalu amhlophe axazulula umswakama ngezindlela eziyisithupha anobuthi. Kulula ukuwaxazulula. Ubuningi obuhlobene bungu-1.50, iphuzu lokuncibilika lingu-125.6 ° C, kanti izinga lesaphulelo lingu-1.390. Ingasuswa, igqwale ibe yingilazi, ifudumale noma ifudumale uma ifudumale. Incibilike emanzini, incibilike kancane otshwaleni. Isixazululo samanzi sine-acidic, singagqwala ingilazi, futhi siyagqwala esikhumbeni. I-ammonia ye-gymnomic idluliselwa ku-40% we-fluorine, bese i-crystallization ipholiswa.

Indlela:Sebenzisa amanzi angu-1 e-Moore ammonia ukuze umunce ama-Molfluoride amabili, bese upholisa, ugxilise, bese uqinisa.

Ukusetshenziswa:Isetshenziswa njengezinto zokwenziwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuqopha izinto zobumba nengilazi, ukucwebezela nge-electroplate, ukwenza ubhiya, izilondolozi zezimboni ezivutshiwe kanye nezithiyo zamagciwane. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuncibilikisa insimbi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-ceramic.

Isicelo:

1. Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuqopha ingilazi, isibulala-magciwane, isilondolozi, isinyibilikisi sensimbi ye-beryllium, i-ejenti yokwelapha ubuso bepuleti lensimbi ye-silicon, futhi isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinto zobumba kanye ne-magnesium alloys.

2. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-reagent yamakhemikhali, i-etch agent yeglasi (evame ukusetshenziswa ne-hydrofluoric acid), isibulala-magciwane kanye nesilondolozi embonini yokubilisa, i-solvent yokwenza insimbi ye-beryllium kusuka ku-beryllium oxide, kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha ubuso bepuleti lensimbi ye-silicon. Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza izinto zobumba, ama-magnesium alloys, ukuhlanza nokususa ama-scaling ohlelweni lwamanzi okuphakelwa kwebhoyila kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza umusi, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-acidization yesihlabathi se-oilfield. Iphinde isetshenziswe njenge-alkylation, izingxenye ze-isomerization catalyst.

3. Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-oilfield acidification, ukukhiqiza i-magnesium kanye ne-magnesium alloys. Isetshenziswa njenge-glass matting, i-frosting, i-etching agent, isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuvikela ukhuni, i-aluminium brightening agent, imboni yezindwangu esetshenziswa njenge-rust remover, ingasetshenziswa futhi ekufakeni i-electroplating, embonini ye-elekthronikhi, njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya.

4. Isetshenziswa njenge-reagent yokuhlaziya kanye ne-bacterial inhibitor.

5. Hlaziya i-reagent. Isetshenziselwa ukuqopha ubuso be-ceramic nengilazi. Ukuhlanza amagciwane ezintweni zikagesi. Ukulungiswa kwe-hydrogen fluoride elabhorethri. Ukufaka i-electroplating.

Ukulahlwa kokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa kanye nokuthuthwa:

Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokusebenza:ukusebenza okuvaliwe, qinisa umoya opholile. Abaqhubi kumele baqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile futhi balandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza. Kunconywa ukuthi abaqhubi bagqoke izifihla-buso zothuli ezizihlobisayo, izibuko zokuvikela zamakhemikhali, i-respirator engenela ezingutsheni zomsebenzi, kanye namagilavu ​​​​erabha. Gwema ukukhiqiza uthuli. Gwema ukuthintana nama-asidi. Lapho uphatha, ukulayisha nokukhipha okulula kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo emaphaketheni nasezitsheni. Kuhlonyiswe ngemishini yokwelapha ephuthumayo evuzayo. Isitsha esingenalutho singase sibe nezinsalela eziyingozi.

Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokugcina:Gcina endaweni yokugcina izinto epholile, eyomile futhi enomoya omuhle. Gcina kude nomlilo nokushisa. Gcina isitsha sivaliwe. Kufanele sigcinwe sodwa kuma-asidi, ungahlanganisi indawo yokugcina. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe izinto ezifanele ukuvimba ukuvuza.

Indlela yokupakisha:ibhokisi elijwayelekile lokhuni elingaphandle kwebhodlela le-ampoule; Amabhodlela engilazi anentambo, isivalo sensimbi amabhodlela engilazi acindezelwe, amabhodlela epulasitiki noma imiphongolo yensimbi (amathini) ngaphandle kwamabhokisi enziwe ngokhuni avamile. Isitolo esingenamswakama futhi esivaliwe. Ukupakishwa komkhiqizo: 25KG/ISIKHWAMA.

Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokuhamba:Izimoto zokuthutha kufanele zihlonyiswe ngezinhlobonhlobo nenani elifanele lemishini yomlilo kanye nemishini yokwelapha ephuthumayo evuzayo. Ehlobo, kungcono ukuthumela ekuseni nakusihlwa. Imoto yokuthutha (ithangi) esetshenziswa ekuthuthweni kufanele ibe nochungechunge lokumisa, futhi ukwahlukana kwembobo kungahlelwa emhubheni ukuze kuncishiswe ugesi ongashintshi okhiqizwa ukushaqeka. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuxuba ne-oxidizer. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kufanele ivikelwe elangeni, emvuleni kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Hlala kude nomlilo, umthombo wokushisa kanye nendawo yokushisa okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokuma. Amapayipi okukhipha umoya ezimoto ezithwala izinto kumele ahlonyiswe ngamadivayisi okuvimbela umlilo. Ukulayisha nokukhulula ngemishini namathuluzi okulula ukukhiqiza izinhlansi akuvunyelwe. Ukuthutha ngomgwaqo kufanele kulandele umzila onqunyiwe, ungahlali ezindaweni zokuhlala nezinabantu abaningi. Akuvunyelwe ukuzishutheka ekuthuthweni kwesitimela. Imikhumbi yokhuni kanye nemikhumbi yesamente akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ekuthuthweni okukhulu.