Isingeniso Esifushane:
I-Aniline, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Aminobenzene, iyingxenye ye-organic ngefomula yamakhemikhali c6h7n. Kuwuketshezi lwamafutha angenamibala aqala ukubola lapho kufuthelwa ku-370 ℃. Yize incane kancane emanzini, i-aniline incibilika kalula e-ethanol, ether, nakwamanye ama-solvents ezi-organic. Le nhlanganisela inamathela ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, okwenza kube ngomunye wemigqa ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
Izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali:
Ubuningi: 1.022G / CM3
Iphoyinti Lokuncibilika: -6.2 ℃
Iphuzu elibilayo: 184 ℃
I-Flash Point: 76 ℃
I-Index Resuaction: 1.586 (20 ℃)
Ukubukeka: Akunabala ukukhanyisa uketshezi olukhanyayo olukhanyayo
I-Solubity: incane kancane emanzini, incibilika e-ethanol, ether, e-benzene
Isicelo:
Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile ze-aniline ekwenziweni kwamadayi. Amandla awo okukha amakhompiyutha anemibala lapho kuhlanganiswa namanye amakhemikhali enza kube fanele ukukhiqiza udayi ovuthayo futhi ohlala isikhathi eside. Amadayi we-aniline aqashwa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izindwangu, amapulasitiki kanye nezimpahla zesikhumba. Ngokusebenzisa amadayi asuselwa ku-aniline asuselwa ku-aniline, abakhiqizi bangafinyelela imibala ehlukahlukene ehlukahlukene emelana nokuphela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo igcina isikhalazo sayo sokubuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aniline idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwezidakamizwa kanye nemithi yezemithi. Njengebhulokhi yokwakha ehlukahlukene e-Organic Chemistry, i-Aniline isebenza njengezinto zokuqala zokuhlanganiswa kwemithi eminingi yezemithi. Izinkampani ezenza imithi zincike kuma-aniline atholwa ezidakamizwa ukudala izidakamizwa zezimo ezahlukahlukene zezokwelapha. Amandla okuguqula ukwakheka kwe-aniline avumela abaphenyi ukuthi bathuthukise imishanguzo enemiphumela yokwelapha efiselekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aniline ithola uhlelo lokusebenza ekukhiqizeni ama-resin. Ama-resins asemqoka ekwenziweni kwamapulasitiki, anamathela, kanye nokumbona. Ngokufaka i-aniline ekwakhekeni kwe-resin, abakhiqizi bakhulisa amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokuguquguquka komkhiqizo wokugcina. Lokhu kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezingamelana nezimo ezifunwayo futhi zinikeze isikhathi eside.
Ukuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene kwe-aniline kufinyelela ngaphezu kwamadayi, izidakamizwa, kanye nama-resin. Kusetshenziswa futhi njenge-accelerator ye-rubber vulcanization. Imikhiqizo yenjoloba, njengamathayi namabhande okuhambisa, adinga ukuthi uVuvanization uthuthukise amandla abo nokuqina. I-Aniline isiza ekusheshiseni inqubo yokuvukela i-vulcanization, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kwerabha kusebenze kahle kakhudlwana. Ngokufaka i-aniline njenge-accelerator, abakhiqizi banganciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi ephelele yemikhiqizo yenjoloba.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlelo zayo zezimboni, i-aniline ingasetshenziswa futhi njengodayi omnyama uqobo. Le mpahla yenza kube yinto efiselekayo kuzinkambu ezahlukahlukene zobuciko nezokwakha. Abaculi nezingcweti bangasebenzisa i-aniline ukudala ama-hude ajulile amnyama anezela umehluko, ukujula, nokuceba endalweni yawo. Umbala waso omkhulu kanye nokuhambisana okuhambisana nama-medium ahlukene avumela inkulumo yobuciko kanye nokuhlola.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, okususelwa ku-aniline, njenge-methyl orange, thola ukusetshenziswa njengezinkomba ezinkombeni ze-acid-base. Lezi zinkomba zibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuphela kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kokutholwa, kuqinisekise izilinganiso ezinembile. I-methyl orange, ethathwe kusuka ku-aniline, ishintsha umbala lapho i-pH yesisombululo ifinyelela ebangeni elithile. Lokhu kuvumela ososayensi namakhemikhali ukuba babheke ngqo futhi bahlaziye ukusabela okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisa.
Ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo:I-200kg / Drum
Ukuqashwa kokusebenza:Ukusebenza okuvaliwe, hlinzeka umoya owanele wokuqeda amandla endawo. Ukusebenza njengokusebenza futhi okuzenzakalelayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-opharetha kumele aqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile futhi athobele kahle izinqubo zokusebenza. Kunconywe ukuthi opharetha agqoke imaski yegesi yokuhlunga (imaski yesigamu), izibuko zokuvikela ukuphepha, izingubo zomsebenzi zokuvikela, kanye namagilavu amelana namafutha enjoloba. Gwema kude nomlilo nokushisa. Akukho ukubhema emsebenzini. Sebenzisa amasistimu womoya wokuqhuma komoya wokuqhuma kwemishini. Kuvimbela umusi ekuvuzeni emoyeni wokwenza indawo. Gwema ukuxhumana ne-oxidants nama-acid. Lapho ukuphatha, ukulayisha okukhanyayo nokulayisha kufanele kwenziwe ukuvikela ukulimala kokupakishwa neziqukathi. Ifakwe ngezinhlobonhlobo kanye nenani lemishini yomlilo nemishini yokuvuza yokwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Iziqukathi ezingenalutho zingaba nezinsalela eziyingozi.
Ukugcina Izinyathelo:Gcina endaweni yokugcina izinto epholile, enomoya opholile. Gwema kude nomlilo nokushisa. Izinga lokushisa le-reservoir ngeke lidlule ku-30 ℃, futhi umswakama ohlobene ngeke udlule kuma-80%. Gcina kude nokukhanya. Iphakheji kufanele ivalwe futhi ingaxhumana nomoya. Kufanele igcinwe ngokwahlukana kusuka kuma-oxidants, ama-acid kanye namakhemikhali adliwayo, futhi akufanele kuxutshwe. Ifakwe izinhlobo ezihambelana nezinhlobo zomlilo. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe ngemishini yokwelashwa okuphuthumayo yokuvuza nezinto zokwenziwa ezifanele.
Ngamafuphi, i-aniline iyindawo ehlukahlukene ye-organic enezicelo eziningi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Ukusuka kumadayi kanye nezidakamizwa kuya ekukhiqizeni irabha kanye nemizamo yobuciko, ukubaluleka kwe-aniline akunakuchazwa. Amandla alo okubandakanya amakhompiyutha anemibala, asebenze njengebhulokhi yokwakha yemithi, futhi asebenze njenge-accelerator ye-Vulcanization yenza kube yinto ebalulekile. Ngokwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengodayi omnyama kanye nenkomba ye-acid-base iqopheni izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezicelo ze-aniline. Njengoba izimboni ziyaqhubeka nokusungula nokukhulisa, ukungabaza kungahlali kuhlale kuyingxenye ebalulekile ezinqubweni nasemikhiqizweni yazo.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-03-2023