Ingozi yesiteleka sikaloliwe iyasondela
Izitshalo eziningi zamakhemikhali zingase ziphoqeleke ukuthi ziyeke ukusebenza
Ngokocwaningo lwakamuva olukhishwe yi-US Chemistry Council ACC, uma ujantshi wase-US usesiteleka esikhulu ngoDisemba, kulindeleke ukuthi uthinte u-$ 2.8 billion wezimpahla zamakhemikhali ngesonto.Isiteleka senyanga eyodwa sizodala cishe u-$160 billion emnothweni wase-US, okulingana no-1% we-GDP yase-US.
Imboni yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali yaseMelika ingelinye lamakhasimende amakhulu kunawo wonke kuloliwe wezimpahla futhi ithutha izitimela ezingaphezu kuka-33,000 ngesonto.I-ACC imele izinkampani ezimbonini, ezamandla, ezemithi nokunye.Amalungu ahlanganisa i-3M, i-Tao Chemical, iDuPont, i-ExxonMobil, i-Chevron nezinye izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe.
Unyakaze wonke umzimba.Ngoba imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali iyimpahla ekhuphukayo yezimboni eziningi.Uma ukuvalwa kukaloliwe kudala ukuthuthwa kwemikhiqizo yemboni yamakhemikhali, zonke izici zomnotho wase-US zizohudulelwa exhaphozini.
Ngokusho kukaJeff Sloan, umqondisi omkhulu wenqubomgomo yezokuthutha ye-ACC, ngesonto lenkampani yesitimela yakhipha uhlelo lwesiteleka ngo-September, ngenxa yosongo lwesiteleka, ujantshi wayeka ukuthola izimpahla, futhi inani lokuthuthwa kwamakhemikhali lehla ngezitimela ze-1975.“Isiteleka esikhulu siphinde sisho ukuthi esontweni lokuqala lemisebenzi yezitimela, izimboni eziningi zamakhemikhali zizophoqeleka ukuthi zivalwe,” kwengeza uSloan.
Kuze kube manje, izinyunyana eziyisi-7 kwezingu-12 zivumelene nesivumelwano sikaloliwe esangenelela yi-US Congress, okuhlanganisa no-24% wokukhushulwa kwamaholo kanye namabhonasi engeziwe e-$ 5,000;Izinyunyana ezi-3 zivotele ukwenqatshwa, kwathi ezi-2 nezimbili zaba ezinye.Ivoti alikaqedwa.
Uma izinyunyana ezimbili ezisele zisigunyazile isivumelwano esimisiwe, i-BMWED ne-BRS ekuvuseleleni inyunyana zizoqala isiteleka ngoDisemba 5.Yize abazalwane abakhiqizi bobhayela abancane bomhlaba wonke bezovotela ukuvuselelwa kabusha, basazoba sesikhathini esizolile.Qhubekani nixoxisana.
Uma isimo siphambene, izinyunyana ezimbili nazo zisichithile isivumelwano, ngakho usuku lwazo lwesiteleka umhlaka-9 Disemba. I-BMWED phambilini iveze ukuthi i-BRS ayikasivezi isitatimende sayo ngokuhambisana neziteleka zezinyunyana ezimbili ezisele.
Kodwa noma ngabe kuzoba wuhambo lwezinyunyana ezintathu noma uhambo lwezinyunyana ezinhlanu, kuzoba yiphupho elibi kuyo yonke imboni yaseMelika.
Isebenzisa u-$7 billion
ISaudi Aramco ihlela ukwakha imboni eNingizimu Korea
ISaudi Aramco ithe ngoLwesine ihlela ukutshala imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa embonini ye-S-Oil, inkampani engaphansi kwayo yaseNingizimu Korea, ukuze kukhiqizwe amakhemikhali kaphethiloli anenani eliphezulu.
I-S-Oil yinkampani yokucwenga eNingizimu Korea, kanti iSaudi Arabia inamasheya angaphezu kuka-63% ukuze ibambe inkampani yayo.
I-Saudi Arabia isho esitatimendeni ukuthi le phrojekthi ibizwa ngokuthi "Shaheen (Arabic It is an eagle)", okuyi-investimenti enkulu kunazo zonke eNingizimu Korea.Idivayisi yokuqhekeka isitimu ye-Petrochemical.Ihlose ukwakha indawo yokuhluza enkulu edidiyelwe kanye neyunithi enkulu kunazo zonke yokuqhekeka kwesitimu ye-petrochemical emhlabeni.
Ukwakhiwa kwesikhungo esisha kuzoqala ngo-2023 futhi kuphothulwe ngo-2026. I-Saudi Arabia ithe amandla okukhiqiza embonini ngonyaka azofinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-3.2 emikhiqizo ye-petrochemical.Umshini wokuqhekeka umusi we-petrochemical kulindeleke ukuthi ubhekane nemikhiqizo ekhiqizwa uwoyela ongahluziwe, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ethylene nge-petroleum kanye negesi yokukhipha umoya.Le divayisi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize i-acryl, i-butyl, namanye amakhemikhali ayisisekelo.
Isitatimende siveze ukuthi ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi, ingxenye yemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical ku-S-OIL izophindeka kabili ukuya ku-25%.
Isikhulu saseSaudi Arabia u-Amin Nasser esitatimendeni uthe ukukhula kwesidingo se-petrochemical emhlabeni jikelele kulindeleke ukuthi kukhule ngesivinini, ngenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo ye-petrochemical yomnotho wase-Asia iyakhula.Iphrojekthi ingahlangabezana kahle nezidingo ezikhulayo zendawo yendawo.
Ngalo lolo suku (17th), inkosana yaseSaudi Arabian Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Salman wavakashela eSouth Korea futhi bekulindeleke ukuthi axoxisane ngokusebenzisana kwesikhathi esizayo phakathi kwamazwe amabili.Abaholi bamabhizinisi bala mazwe womabili basayine izivumelwano ezingaphezu kuka-20 phakathi kukahulumeni namabhizinisi ekuqaleni kukaLwesine, okuhlanganisa nengqalasizinda, imboni yamakhemikhali, amandla avuselelekayo, kanye nemidlalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwempahla eluhlaza akufakiwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphelele
Ngabe izothinta kanjani imboni ye-petrochemical?
Muva nje, Ikhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kanye Nehhovisi Likazwelonke Lezibalo likhiphe “Isaziso Ngokuqhubekayo Esikhundleni Sokulawulwa Kokusetshenziswa Kwezamandla” (ngemuva kwalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “Isaziso”), esazise ukuhlinzekwa ” , I-Hydrocarbon, utshwala, i-ammonia neminye imikhiqizo, amalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo yabo, njll., kuyisigaba sezinto zokusetshenziswa.” Ngokuzayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla anjalo amalahle, i-petroleum, igesi yemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo yawo ngeke kusafakwa ekulawuleni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele.
Ngokombono “weSaziso”, ukusetshenziswa okuningi okungewona amandla wamalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nemikhiqizo yayo kuhlobene eduze nemboni ye-petrochemical kanye namakhemikhali.
Ngakho-ke, ezimbonini ze-petrochemical kanye namakhemikhali, imuphi umthelela osetshenziswa amandla aluhlaza kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphelele?
Ngomhlaka-16, uMeng Wei, umkhulumeli weKhomishini Yentuthuko Kazwelonke Nenguquko, uthe esithangamini sabezindaba ngoNovemba ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kungadonswa ngokwesayensi nangenhloso ukukhombisa isimo sangempela sokusetshenziswa kwamandla kaphethiloli, amalahle. imboni yamakhemikhali nezinye izimboni ezihlobene, futhi ithuthukise ngempumelelo ingqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla.Ukunwebeka kokuphathwa komthamo ukuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, ukunikeza isiqinisekiso sokusetshenziswa kwamandla okunengqondo kwamaphrojekthi asezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nokusekela ukwesekwa okusekelayo ekuqiniseni ukuqina kochungechunge lwezimboni.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, uMeng Wei ugcizelele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ukuze kudonswe akukona ukuxegisa izidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezifana nemboni yamakhemikhali e-petrochemical kanye namalahle, futhi hhayi ukukhuthaza amaphrojekthi ahlobene ngokungaboni ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.Kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ngokuqinile izidingo zokufinyelela iphrojekthi, futhi uqhubeke nokukhuthaza ukonga ugesi ezimbonini kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-25-2022