Ingozi yesiteleka sesitimela isondela
Izitshalo eziningi zamakhemikhali zingaphoqelelwa ukuthi ziyeke ukusebenza
Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwakamuva okukhishwe yi-US Chemistry Council ACC, uma ujantshi wase-US usesitelekeni esikhulu ngoDisemba, kulindeleke ukuthi athinte ama- $ 2.8 billion ezimpatho zamakhemikhali ngesonto. Isiteleka esisodwa esingenza sibange cishe ama- $ 160 billion emnothweni wase-US, okulingana no-1% we-US GDP.
Umkhakha wamakhemikhali wamakhemikhali waseMelika ungomunye wabathengi abakhulu kujantshi wezimpahla futhi uhambisa izitimela ezingaphezu kuka-33,000 ngesonto. I-ACC imele izinkampani ezimbonini, amandla, amakhamishini kanye nokunye ukukhiqiza. Amalungu afaka amakhemikhali angama-3m, iTao, DuPont, Exxonmobil, i-Chevron kanye nezinye izinkampani zamazwe aphesheya.
Umzimba wonke uyasuswa. Ngoba imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yizinto zokwengeza izimboni eziningi. Lapho ukuvalwa kwesitimela kubangela ukuhanjiswa kwemikhiqizo yezimboni yamakhemikhali, zonke izici zomnotho wase-US zizodonswa esigangeni.
Ngokusho kukaJeff Sloan, umqondisi omkhulu wenqubomgomo ye-ACC Transport, isonto le-Railway Company likhiphe uhlelo lwesiteleka ngoSepthemba, ngenxa yosongo olwenziwe ngokuthola izimpahla, kanye nenani lokuhamba kwamakhemikhali lancipha ngezitimela zango-1975. "Isiteleka esikhulu futhi sisho ukuthi ngeviki lokuqala lezinsizakalo zesitimela, izitshalo eziningi zamakhemikhali zizophoqeleka ukuba zivale," kusho uSloan.
Kuze kube manje, ezi-7 kwezingu-12 zezinyunyana zesitimela zivumile ukuthi isivumelwano sesitimela singenelele yiCongress yase-US, kufaka phakathi ukwanda kwamaholo namabhonasi angeziwe a- $ 5,000; Izinyunyana ezi-3 zivotelwe ukwenqatshwa, kwathi 2 kwathi 2 kwathi oyedwa kwathi ababili bangenye. Ukuvota akuqediwe.
Uma izinyunyana ezimbili ezisele zivumele isivumelwano se-tentative, iBmsed kanye ne-BRS ekuvuseleleni kabusha kwenyunyana kuzoqala isiteleka ngoDisemba 5. Yize abakhiqizi abancane be-boiler abancane bama-boiler bazovotela ukuvuselelwa kabusha, basazobe besesikhathini sokuzola. Gcina izingxoxo.
Uma isimo siphambene, izinyunyana ezimbili zenqabe lesi sivumelwano, ngakho-ke usuku lwabo lwesiteleka lunguDisemba 9. IBmWed ngaphambili yasho ukuthi ama-BRS akavezwa isitatimende sawo ngokuhlangana nezinyunyana ezimbili ezisele.
Kepha noma kuvela ukuthi kube yindawo yokuhamba ngenyunyana ezintathu noma i-pairtout eyinyunyana, kuzoba yinto ebusuku kuyo yonke imboni yaseMelika.
Ukuchitha $ 7 billion
ISaudi Aramco ihlela ukwakha ifektri eSouth Korea
USaudi Aramco uthe ngoLwesine uhlela ukutshala imali engu- $ 7 billion esitshalweni se-S-OIL, umxhaso wayo waseSouth Korea, ukukhiqiza ama-petrochemical aphezulu aphezulu.
I-S-OIL iyinkampani ecwengezelayo eSouth Korea, futhi iSaudi Arabia inama-63% amasheya ayo okubamba inkampani yawo.
ISaudi Arabia yasho esitatimendeni ukuthi le projekthi ibizwa ngokuthi "Shaheen (isi-Arabhu yi-Eagle)", okungukutshalwa kwemali okukhulu kakhulu eSouth Korea. Idivayisi ye-Petrochemical Steam Cramping yedivaysi.Ihlose ukwakha indawo yokuhlanzeka enkulu ehlanganisiwe nenye yamayunithi amakhulu okuqhekeza ama-petrochemical steam emhlabeni.
Ukwakhiwa kwesitshalo esisha kuzoqala ngo-2023 futhi kuqedwe ngo-2026. ISaudi Arabia ithe umthamo wonyaka wefektri uzofika amathani ayizigidi ezingama-3.2 wemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical. Idivaysi ye-petrochemical Steam Cramping kulindeleke ukuthi ibhekane nezinkinga ezikhiqizwe ukucubungula kawoyela okuyi-crude, kufaka phakathi ukukhiqizwa kwe-ethylene nge-petroleum kanye negesi yokuqeda amandla. Le divayisi nayo kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize i-acryl, i-butyl, namanye amakhemikhali ayisisekelo.
Lesi sitatimende sikhombise ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi iphrojekthi isiphothuliwe, ingxenye yemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical e-S-OIL izophinda i-25%.
I-Saudi Arabia CEO Amin Nasser ithe ngesitatimende sokuthi ukukhula kwesidingo se-petrochemical emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuthi kusheshiswe, ngokwengxenye ngoba imikhiqizo ye-petrochemical yase-Asia iyakhula. Iphrojekthi ingahlangabezana kahle nezidingo ezikhulayo zendawo yendawo.
Ngosuku olufanayo (17), umqhele waseSaudi Arabian umqhele uBen Salman wavakashela eSouth Korea futhi kulindeleke ukuthi axoxe ngokubambisana okuzayo phakathi kwamazwe amabili. Abaholi bamabhizinisi bale zwe lawo mazwe basayina izimemo ezingaphezu kuka-20 phakathi kukahulumeni namabhizinisi ekuqaleni ngoLwesine, kufaka phakathi ingqalasizinda, imboni yamakhemikhali, amandla avuselelekayo, nemidlalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezinto ezingavuthiwe akufakiwe ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphelele
Kuzobathinta kanjani imboni ye-petrochemical?
Muva nje, IKhomishani Yezokuthuthukiswa Kazwelonke Nezokuguqulwa kanye Nezibalo ZolweNational Bureau zikhiphe "isaziso mayelana nokulawulwa kwamandla kokulawulwa kwamandla" (lapha kubizwa ngokuthi yi- "Sydrocarbon" I-Amonia neminye imikhiqizo, amalahle, amafutha, igesi yemvelo nemikhiqizo yawo, njll., Isigaba sezinto zokwakha. "Esikhathini esizayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamalahle anje, uphethiloli, igesi yemvelo nemikhiqizo yako ngeke kusafakwa ekulawulweni kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele.
Ngokombono we- "Isaziso", iningi lokungasebenzisi okungekunye kwe-are-nationalerg esebenzisa amalahle, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo nemikhiqizo yawo kuhlobene kakhulu nemboni ye-petrochemical nezamakhemikhali.
Ngakho-ke, kwizimboni ze-petrochemical nezekhemikhali, yimuphi umthelela owusebenzisa amandla aluhlaza asetshenziswayo ekusebenziseni amandla aphelele?
Ngomhlaka 16, uMeng Wei, okhulumela iKhomishini Yezentuthuko Yezwe Nezokubuyiselwa Kwezimali, kusho engqungqutheleni yezindaba ngoNovemba ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kungadonswa ngokwesayensi nangokucacile ukukhombisa isimo sangempela sokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwama-petrochemicals, amalahle Imboni yamakhemikhali nezinye izimboni ezihlobene, futhi ithuthukise ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele. Ukuqina kokuphathwa kwenani ukuhlinzeka ngesikhala sokuthuthuka okuphezulu, ukuhlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso sokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kwamaphrojekthi aphezulu aphezulu, futhi asekele ukwesekwa okusekelayo kokuqiniswa kwecala lezezimboni.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uMeng Wei wagcizelele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuncishiswa akusona ukuphumula izidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezinjengezimboni ezifana nezifunda ezahlukahlukene. Kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ngokuqinile izidingo zokufinyelela zephrojekthi, futhi uqhubeke nokukhuthaza ukonga amandla wezimboni futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-25-2022