I-Methylene Chloride (MC), isinyibilikisi esiguquguqukayo esisetshenziswa kakhulu kwezemithi, izinto ezinamathelayo, nokwakhiwa kwe-aerosol, ibhekene noshintsho olukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kwezimboni kanye nokwakheka kwezwe lokulawula. Intuthuko yakamuva ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza, izivumelwano zokuphepha kwemvelo, kanye nolunye ucwaningo lwezincibilikizo kulungisa kabusha indlela leli khemikhali elibonwa futhi lisetshenziswa ngayo kuwo wonke amaketanga okunikezela emhlabeni.
1. Ukuphumelela Ezinhlelweni Zokugaywa Kabusha Kweziluphu Ezivaliwe
Indlela eyisisekelo yokubuyisela nokusebenzisa kabusha i-dichloromethane ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza izuze amandla ngo-2023. Yathuthukiswa yinhlangano yocwaningo yaseYurophu, lolu hlelo oluvaliwe lwe-loop lusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-adsorption obuthuthukisiwe ukuze luthwebule futhi luhlanze umhwamuko we-MC okhishwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kokumboza. Izivivinyo zangaphambi kwesikhathi zibonisa izinga lokutakula elingama-92%, ehlisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nokuphumayo.
Ubuchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukuqapha okuqhutshwa yi-AI ukuze kuthuthukiswe imijikelezo yokusetshenziswa kabusha kwe-solvent, iqinisekise ukuhambisana nemikhawulo eqinile yokuchayeka endaweni yokusebenza. Izimboni ezifana nokukhiqiza i-polycarbonate kanye nokuhlanza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi zihlola lolu hlelo, oluhambisana nezinhloso zomnotho eziyindilinga ze-International Council of Chemical Associations' (ICCA) 2030.
2. Ukuqinisa Imithetho Yomhlaba Wonke mayelana Nokukhishwa Kwe-MC
Izindikimba ezilawulayo ziqinisa ukucutshungulwa kwe-Methylene Chloride ngenxa yamandla ayo okuncipha kwe-ozone (ODP) kanye nobungozi bezempilo emsebenzini. NgoSepthemba 2023, i-European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) yenza isiphakamiso sokuchibiyela imithetho ye-REACH, egunyaza ukuthi kulandelelwe ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sangempela ezikhungweni ezisebenzisa amathani angaphezu kuka-50 e-MC minyaka yonke. Imithetho futhi idinga ukushintshwa kokuhlolwa kwezicelo ezingabalulekile ngaphambi kwe-Q2 2024.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) iqale ukubuyekezwa kwesimo se-MC ngaphansi kwe-Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), nokutholwe kokuqala okuphakamisa imikhawulo eqinile yokuhlushwa emoyeni endaweni yokusebenza—okungase kwehle umkhawulo ukusuka ku-25 ppm ukuya ku-10 ppm. Lezi zinyathelo zihlose ukubhekana nokukhathazeka okukhulayo ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside yezinzwa phakathi kwabasebenzi bezimboni.
3. Umkhakha Wezemithi Uthatha Izindlela Ezihlukile Eziluhlaza
Imboni yemithi, umthengi omkhulu we-Methylene Chloridefor drug crystallization and extraction, isheshisa izivivinyo zezincibilikisi ezisekelwe ku-bio. Ucwaningo olubuyekezwe ngontanga olushicilelwe ku-*Green Chemistry* (August 2023) lugqamise izinyibilikisi ezithathwe ku-limonene njengokushintshwa okusebenzayo kwe-MC ku-API (isithako esisebenzayo somuthi), ukuzuza isivuno esifanayo ngamaphrofayili anobuthi obuphansi obungama-80%.
Nakuba ukutholwa kusalokhu kukhuphuka ngenxa yezinselele zokuzinza kokwakheka, izikhuthazo ezingokomthetho ngaphansi koMthetho Wokuncishiswa Kokwehla Kwamanani Amanani Wase-US ziyizimboni zokuhlola ezizinikele ekukhuphuleni lezi zindlela ezihlukile. Abahlaziyi babikezela ukwehla ngo-15–20% esidingweni se-MC ekhemisi ngo-2027 uma amathrendi amanje e-R&D ephikelela.
4. Intuthuko ku-MC Risk Mitigation Technologies
Ukulawulwa kobunjiniyela okusungulayo kunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene ne-MC. Ithimba labacwaningi baseNyakatho Melika lisanda kwembula uhlelo lokuhlunga olusekelwe ku-nanoparticle olubolisa i-MC esele emanzini angcolile ibe yimikhiqizo engenabo ubuthi njenge-chloride ion ne-carbon dioxide. Inqubo ye-photocatalytic, ecushwe ukukhanya kwe-UV enamandla aphansi, ifinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokucekela phansi okungama-99.6% futhi ihlanganiswa nezindawo zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ngamakhemikhali.
Ukwengeza, imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu yesizukulwane esilandelayo (i-PPE) eneziphefumulo ezithuthukisiwe ze-graphene ibonise ukusebenza kahle okungama-98% ekuvimbeni izihwamuko ze-MC ngesikhathi semisebenzi evezwa kakhulu njengokukhumula upende. Lezi zinguquko zihambisana nemihlahlandlela ye-OSHA ebuyekeziwe egcizelela izilawuli zokuchayeka ezisezingeni leziphathi ze-MC.
5. Ukushintshashintsha Kwemakethe Eqhutshwa Ukusimama
Naphezu kwendima yayo egxilile, i-Methylene Chloride ibhekene nengcindezi ekhulayo evela ku-ESG (ezemvelo, ezenhlalakahle, ezokuphatha) indlela yokutshala izimali. Ucwaningo lwango-2023 olwenziwa umhlaziyi wemboni yamakhemikhali ohamba phambili luveze ukuthi u-68% wabakhiqizi abasezingeni eliphansi manje babeka phambili abahlinzeki ngezinhlelo zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-MC eziqinisekisiwe. Lo mkhuba ukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwengqalasizinda yokubuyisela i-solvent kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza ze-bio-hybrid.
Ngokuphawulekayo, iphrojekthi yokuhlola eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ihlanganise ngempumelelo i-MC isebenzisa i-methane chlorination enikezwa amandla avuselelekayo, inqamula ukukhiqizwa kwekhabhoni ngama-40%. Nakuba izinselelo zokukhula zisekhona, lezi zinyathelo zigcizelela ukubaluleka komkhakha wamakhemikhali kuma- decarbonized solvent ecosystem.
Isiphetho: Ukulinganisa Insiza kanye Nesibopho
Njengoba i-Methylene Chloride isalokhu ibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okubalulekile, ukugxila kwemboni ekusunguleni okusha okusimeme kanye nokuthobela imithetho kuyakhula. Ukusebenzisana kwezinhlelo zokuthola kabusha ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezinye izindlela eziphephile, nezinqubomgomo ezithuthukayo kuzochaza indima ye-MC ekusaseni elinekhabhoni ephansi. Ababambiqhaza kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani manje kufanele bazulazule kulesi sigaba soguquko—lapho ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo kuhlangana khona—ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-07-2025