Selokhu kwaqubuka Ingxabano phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, iYurophu ibibhekene nenkinga yamandla.Intengo kawoyela negesi yemvelo ikhuphuke kakhulu, okuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamakhemikhali ahlobene nezansi nomfula.
Naphezu kokuntula kwayo izinzuzo zezinsiza, Imboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu isabala amaphesenti angu-18 okuthengiswa kwamakhemikhali emhlabeni wonke (cishe ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4.4), ikleliswe endaweni yesibili ngemva kwe-Asia, futhi iyikhaya le-BASF, umkhiqizi wamakhemikhali omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Lapho ukunikezwa komfula kusengozini, izindleko zezinkampani zamakhemikhali zaseYurophu zikhuphuka kakhulu.I-China, iNyakatho Melika, i-Middle East namanye amazwe athembele ezinsizeni zawo futhi awathinteki kangako.
Esikhathini esifushane, amanani entengo yamandla aseYurophu kungenzeka aqhubeke ephezulu, kuyilapho izinkampani zamakhemikhali zaseShayina zizoba nenzuzo enhle yezindleko njengoba ubhubhane eChina luthuthuka.
Khona-ke, emabhizinisini amakhemikhali aseShayina, yimaphi amakhemikhali azovula amathuba?
I-MDI: Igebe lezindleko linwetshiwe laya ku-1000 CNY/MT
Amabhizinisi e-MDI wonke asebenzisa inqubo efanayo, inqubo ye-phosgene yesigaba se-liquid, kodwa eminye imikhiqizo ephakathi ingakhiqizwa ngekhanda lamalahle nekhanda legesi izinqubo ezimbili.Mayelana nemithombo ye-CO, i-methanol ne-synthetic ammonia, i-China ikakhulukazi isebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali amalahle, kuyilapho iYurophu ne-United States ikakhulukazi isebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yemvelo.
Njengamanje, amandla e-MDI aseShayina enza ama-41% omthamo ophelele womhlaba, kanti i-Europe yenza ama-27%.Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-MDI ngegesi yemvelo njengempahla eluhlaza e-Europe zenyuka cishe ngo-2000 CNY/MT, kwathi ekupheleni kuka-March, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-MDI ngamalahle njengempahla eluhlaza zenyuka cishe nge-1000 CNY/ MT.Igebe lezindleko licishe libe ngu-1000 CNY/MT.
Imininingwane yezimpande ikhombisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwe-MDI kwe-polymerized yaseChina kubalele ngaphezu kuka-50%, okuhlanganisa nesamba sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngo-2021 esifinyelela ku-1.01 million MT, ukukhula konyaka ngonyaka ngama-65%.I-MDI yimpahla yohwebo yomhlaba wonke, futhi intengo yomhlaba wonke ihlobene kakhulu.Izindleko eziphakeme zaphesheya kulindeleke ukuthi zithuthukise ukuncintisana kokuthekelisa kanye nentengo yemikhiqizo yaseShayina.
TDI: Igebe lezindleko linwetshiwe laya ku-1500 CNY/MT
Njenge-MDI, amabhizinisi we-TDI womhlaba wonke asebenzisa inqubo ye-phosgene, ngokuvamile asebenzisa inqubo ye-phosgene yesigaba se-liquid, kodwa eminye imikhiqizo ephakathi ingakhiqizwa ngekhanda lamalahle kanye nekhanda legesi izinqubo ezimbili.
Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-MDI ngegesi yemvelo njengempahla eluhlaza eYurophu zikhuphuke cishe nge-2,500 CNY/MT, kanti ekupheleni kukaMashi, izindleko zokukhiqiza i-MDI ngamalahle njengempahla eluhlaza zikhuphuke cishe nge-1,000 CNY/ MT.Igebe lezindleko landa lafinyelela cishe ku-1500 CNY/MT.
Njengamanje, amandla e-TDI yaseShayina enza ama-40% omthamo ophelele womhlaba, kanti i-Europe yenza ama-26%.Ngakho-ke, ukukhuphuka kwentengo ephezulu yegesi yemvelo eYurophu kuzoholela nakanjani ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokukhiqiza ze-TDI cishe ngama-6500 CNY / MT.
Emhlabeni jikelele, i-China ingumthumeli omkhulu we-TDI.Ngokusho kwedatha yezimpahla, ukuthunyelwa kwe-TDI yaseChina kubiza cishe u-30%.
I-TDI futhi ingumkhiqizo wohwebo womhlaba wonke, futhi amanani omhlaba ahlobene kakhulu.Izindleko eziphakeme zaphesheya kulindeleke ukuthi zithuthukise ukuncintisana kokuthekelisa kanye nentengo yemikhiqizo yaseChina.
I-Formic acid: Ukusebenza okuqinile, intengo ephindwe kabili.
I-Formic acid ingenye yamakhemikhali asebenza ngamandla kulo nyaka, ikhuphuka isuka ku-4,400 CNY/MT ekuqaleni konyaka iye ku-9,600 CNY/MT muva nje.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-formic acid ngokuyinhloko kuqala ku-methanol carbonylation kuya ku-methyl formate, bese i-hydrolyzes ibe yi-formic acid.Njengoba i-methanol ijikeleza njalo enqubweni yokusabela, impahla eluhlaza ye-formic acid i-syngas.
Njengamanje, i-China ne-Europe zenza ama-57% kanye nama-34% omthamo womhlaba wokukhiqiza we-formic acid ngokulandelana, kuyilapho ukuthengiswa kwangaphakathi kwezwe kubalwa ngaphezu kwama-60%.NgoFebhuwari, ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kwe-formic acid kwehla, futhi intengo yenyuka kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kwentengo okuqinile kwe-Formic acid lapho kubhekene nokushoda kwesidingo ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo eChina nakwamanye amazwe, okuyisisekelo esiyinkinga yegesi yaphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwe-China.
Ukwengeza, ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo engaphansi kwemboni yamakhemikhali wamalahle nakho kunethemba.Imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali wamalahle ikakhulukazi i-methanol ne-synthetic ammonia, enganwetshwa ku-acetic acid, i-ethylene glycol, i-olefin ne-urea.
Ngokwezibalo, inzuzo yezindleko zenqubo yokwenza amalahle e-methanol ingaphezu kuka-3000 CNY/MT;Inzuzo yezindleko zenqubo yokwenza amalahle ye-urea imayelana ne-1700 CNY/MT;Inzuzo yezindleko zenqubo yokwenza amalahle e-acetic acid cishe i-1800 CNY/MT;Ukungalungi kwezindleko ze-ethylene glycol ne-olefin ekukhiqizeni amalahle kuqediwe ngokuyisisekelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-19-2022