I-methylene chloride, isakhi esiphilayo esinefomula yamakhemikhali ethi CH2Cl2, siwuketshezi olungenambala olusobala olunephunga elimnandi elifana ne-ether.Incibilika kancane emanzini, i-ethanol ne-ether.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, iyi-solvent engashi enephuzu eliphansi lokubilisa.Uma umhwamuko wawo uba nokugcwala okuphezulu emoyeni wokushisa okuphezulu, uzokhiqiza igesi exubene evutha kancane, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-petroleum ether evuthayo, i-ether, njll.
Izakhiwo:Okumsulwai-methylene chlorideayinakho iphoyinti elikhanyayo.Izincibilikisi eziqukethe amavolumu alinganayo e-dichloromethane nophethiloli, i-solvent naphtha noma i-toluene azikwazi ukuvutha.Kodwa-ke, lapho i-dichloromethane ixutshwa ne-acetone noma i-methyl Chemicalbook alcohol liquid ekuxubeni kwesilinganiso esingu-10: 1, ingxube inephuzu elikhanyayo, umhwamuko nomoya ukuze yakhe ingxube eqhumayo, umkhawulo wokuqhuma u-6.2% ~ 15.0% (umthamo).
ISICELO:
1. Isetshenziselwa ukufuthwa okusanhlamvu kanye nesiqandisi sesiqandisi esinengcindezi ephansi kanye neyunithi ye-air conditioning.
2, Isetshenziswa njenge-solvent, i-extractant, i-mutagenic agent.
3, Isetshenziswa embonini kagesi.Okuvame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza ukususa amafutha.
4, Isetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinzwa sasendaweni samazinyo, isiqandisi, into yokucima umlilo, ukuhlanza indawo yensimbi kanye ne-ejenti yokwehlisa amafutha.
I-5, Isetshenziswa njengendawo ephakathi ku-organic synthesis.
Indlela yokulungiselela:
1. Inqubo yegesi yemvelo ye-chlorination Igesi yemvelo ihlangana negesi ye-chlorine.Ngemuva kokuthi i-hydrochloric acid ekhiqizwa i-hydrogen chloride imuncwa amanzi, i-trace hydrogen chloride esele isuswa nge-lye, futhi umkhiqizo oqediwe utholakala ngokumiswa, ukucindezelwa, ukufingqa nokucwiliswa.
2. I-Chloromethane ne-chloromethane yasabela ngegesi ye-chlorine ngaphansi kokukhanya kuka-4000kW ukuze kukhiqizwe i-dichloromethane, eyaqedwa ngokuwashwa kwe-alkali, ukucindezelwa, ukufingqa, ukomiswa nokulungisa.I-byproduct eyinhloko yi-trichloromethane.
Ukuphepha:
1.Izinyathelo zokuphepha zokusebenza:Gwema ukuwa kwenkungu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi gqoka izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele.Gwema ukukhipha isitimu namaconsi enkungu emoyeni wendawo yokusebenza.Sebenza endaweni ethile enomoya omuhle futhi uthathe inani elincane.Imishini yokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo kufanele ibe khona ngaso sonke isikhathi ukulwa nomlilo nokubhekana nokuchitheka.Iziqukathi zokugcina ezingenalutho zisengaqukatha izinsalela eziyingozi.Ungasebenzi eduze nendawo yokushisela, ilangabi, noma izindawo ezishisayo.
2.Imithetho yesitoreji:Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi engenawo ukukhanya kwelanga.Gcina kude nomthombo wokushisa, ilangabi nokungahambisani okufana ne-oxidant eqinile, i-asidi eqinile ne-nitric acid.Gcina esitsheni esibhalwe kahle.Iziqukathi ezingasetshenzisiwe nezigubhu ezingenalutho kufanele zimbozwe ngokuqinile.Gwema ukulimala esitsheni futhi uhlole ithangi njalo ukuze uthole iziphambeko ezifana nokuphuka noma ukuchitheka.Iziqukathi zilayishwe nge-galvanized noma i-Phenolic resin ukunciphisa amathuba okubola kwe-methylene chloride.Isitoreji esinomkhawulo.Thumela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso lapho kufanele khona.Indawo yokugcina impahla kufanele ihlukaniswe nendawo yokusebenza kanzima yabasebenzi futhi ivinjelwe ukungena endaweni.Sebenzisa amapayipi epulasitiki aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nezinto ukuze ukhiphe izinto ezinobuthi.Impahla ingakha ugesi ongaguquki ongabangela ukusha.Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile, futhi engenamoya kahle kude nelanga eliqondile.
3.Ukupakisha nezokuthutha:Sebenzisa imiphongolo yensimbi ezovalwa, 250kg emgqonyeni ngamunye, ithangi lesitimela, imoto ingathuthwa.Kufanele igcinwe endaweni ebandayo, emnyama, eyomile, endaweni enomoya omuhle, unake umswakama.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-16-2023