I-N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP): Imithetho Eqinile Yezemvelo Ikhuthaza I-R&D Yezinye Izindlela Ezihlukile kanye Nokuqaliswa Okusha Kwesicelo se-NMP Yona Emikhakheni Esezingeni Eliphezulu

I. Amathrendi Abalulekile Embonini: Eqhutshwa Ukulawulwa Nokuguqulwa Kwezimakethe

Njengamanje, inkambiso efinyelela kude kakhulu ethinta imboni ye-NMP isukela ekubhekeni ukulawula emhlabeni jikelele.

1. Imikhawulo ngaphansi kwe-EU REACH Regulation

I-NMP ifakwe ngokusemthethweni Ohlwini Lwabakhandidethi Lwezinto Ezikhathazayo Kakhulu (SVHC) ngaphansi koMthethonqubo we-REACH.

Kusukela ngoMeyi 2020, i-EU iye yakwenqabela ukuhlinzekwa komphakathi kwezingxube eziqukethe i-NMP ekugxiliseni kuka-≥0.3% kuma-ejenti okuhlanza insimbi kanye nokwakhiwa kokumboza okusetshenziselwa izimboni nezomsebenzi.

Lo mthethonqubo usekelwe ikakhulukazi ekukhathazekeni ngobuthi bokuzala be-NMP, okuhloswe ngayo ukuvikela impilo yabathengi nabasebenzi.

2. Ukuhlolwa kobungozi okwenziwa yi-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

I-US EPA futhi yenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi okubanzi ku-NMP, futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi imikhawulo eqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kanye nokukhipha kwayo izokwethulwa esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuhlaziywa Komphumela

Le mithetho iholele ngokuqondile ekwehleni kancane kancane kwesidingo semakethe se-NMP emikhakheni evamile yokuncibilikisa (njengamapende, ama-coatings, nokuhlanza insimbi), okuphoqelela abakhiqizi nabasebenzisi abazansi nomfula ukuthi bafune izinguquko.

II. Imingcele Yezobuchwepheshe kanye Nezicelo Ezisafufusa

Ngaphandle kwemikhawulo emikhakheni yendabuko, i-NMP ithole abashayeli abasha bokukhula kweminye imikhakha yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali.

1. I-R&D Yezinye Izinto (Okwamanje Isiqondisindlela Socwaningo Esisebenza Kakhulu)

Ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele zokulawula, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezihlukile ezingayingeni imvelo esikhundleni se-NMP njengamanje kugxilwe kuzo emizamweni ye-R&D. Izikhombisi-ndlela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

I-N-Ethylpyrrolidone (NEP): Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-NEP iphinde ibhekane nokucutshungulwa kwemvelo okuqinile futhi akusona isixazululo sesikhathi eside.

I-Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO): Icutshungulwa njengenye indlela yokuncibilikisa emikhakheni ethile ye-pharmaceutical synthesis kanye ne-lithium-ion battery sector.

Izincibilikisi Ezintsha Eziluhlaza: Kuhlanganisa ama-cyclic carbonates (isb, i-propylene carbonate) nezincibilikisi ezisekelwe ku-bio (isb., i-lactate etholakala kummbila). Lezi zinyibilikisi zinobuthi obuphansi futhi ziyakwazi ukubola, okuzenza zibe inkomba ebalulekile yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo.

2. Ukungaphindiseli endaweni Yezokukhiqiza Ezisezingeni eliphezulu

Kwezinye izinkambu ezisezingeni eliphezulu, i-NMP isalokhu kunzima ukushintshwa ngokuphelele njengamanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu:

Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion: Lena inkambu yesicelo ebaluleke kakhulu nekhula ngokuqhubekayo ye-NMP. I-NMP iyisici esibalulekile sokulungiselela udaka lwama-electrode ebhethri e-lithium-ion (ikakhulukazi ama-cathodes). Ingancibilikisa izibophezelo ze-PVDF futhi ibe nokuhlakazeka okuhle, okubalulekile ekwenzeni izimbotshana zama-electrode ezinzile nezifanayo. Ngokuthuthuka komhlaba wonke embonini yamandla entsha, isidingo se-NMP enobumsulwa obuphezulu kulo mkhakha sihlala siqinile.

Ama-semiconductors namaphaneli wokubonisa:Ekwenziweni kwe-semiconductor kanye nokukhiqizwa kwephaneli yokubonisa ye-LCD/OLED, i-NMP isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuhlanza enembile ukuze isuse i-photoresist kanye nezingxenye zokunemba ezihlanzekile. Ukuhlanzeka kwayo okuphezulu kanye nekhono lokuhlanza elisebenzayo kwenza kube nzima okwesikhashana ukushintshwa.

Ama-Polymers kanye ne-High-End Engineering Plastics:I-NMP iyi-solvent ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amapulasitiki obunjiniyela asebenza kahle njenge-polyimide (PI) ne-polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni esezingeni eliphezulu njenge-aerospace kanye nezinto zikagesi.

Isiphetho

Ikusasa le-NMP lilele “ekusebenziseni amandla nokugwema ubuthakathaka”. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani layo eliyingqayizivele emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu lizoqhubeka nokusekela isidingo semakethe kuso; ngakolunye uhlangothi, yonke imboni kufanele yamukele izinguquko, isheshise i-R&D futhi igqugquzele ezinye izinyibilikisi eziphephile nezinobungani kwemvelo, ukuze iphendule enkambweni engenakuhlehliswa yemithetho yezemvelo.