Ngo-2022, imakethe yamakhemikhali yasekhaya iyonke ibonise ukwehla okunengqondo. Ngokwesimo sokukhuphuka nokwehla, ukusebenza kwemakethe yamakhemikhali amasha amandla kwakungcono kunemboni yamakhemikhali yendabuko kanye nokuhola imakethe.
Umqondo wamandla amasha uyaqhutshwa, futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu ziye zanda. Ngokwezibalo, imikhiqizo emihlanu yamakhemikhali ephezulu ngo-2022 yi-lithium hydroxide, i-lithium carbonate (imikhiqizo yezimboni), i-butadiene, i-lithium iron phosphate, kanye ne-phosphate ore. Phakathi kwazo, ngaphandle kwe-phosphorus ore kwakuhilela umqondo wamandla amasha. Ngo-2022, eqhutshwa imboni yezimoto zamandla amasha, amanani e-lithium hydroxide, i-lithium carbonate, kanye ne-lithium iron phosphate, ahlobene kakhulu namabhethri e-lithium, abonise ukwanda. Njengomkhiqizo onobuhlobo obuseduze nezimoto zamandla amasha, i-butadiene ifinyelele ku-144% engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022. I-phosphorus ore izuze ekwandeni kwesidingo somanyolo we-phosphate kanye nezinsizakusebenza ezilinganiselwe, futhi iqhubeke nokukhuphuka kusukela ngo-2021.
Imakethe yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yendabuko iveza umphumela ojwayelekile wokuhoxa okunengqondo. Ngo-2022, iningi lemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yendabuko libonise ukwehla okukhulu, futhi umphumela wochungechunge lwezimboni wawusobala. Isibonelo, ukwehla kwe-1,4-butanol ephezulu, i-tetrahydrofuu, i-N, i-N-di metamimamamide (DMF), i-dichlorogenesis, i-sulfuric acid, i-acetic acid, i-hydrochloric acid, njll., ukwehla kwakungu-68%, 68%, 61, ngokulandelana. %, 60%, 56%, 52%, 45%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwemikhiqizo efana ne-anhydride ebushelelezi, i-sulfur, i-titanium pink, ne-phenol kungama-22% kuya ku-43%. Kusukela ekuthambekeleni kwale mikhiqizo, kungabonakala ukuthi ukwanda kokuqala kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yendabuko sekuqalile ukwehla ngokunengqondo, izingxenye zokuqagela ziye zaba buthaka ngokulandelana, futhi zake zabangela umphumela wokwehla kwendawo yonke wochungechunge lomkhiqizo oluhambisanayo.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo ziqiniswa emazingeni aphezulu futhi ngokuvamile zibuyela emthethweni wemakethe. Esinye isici semakethe yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ngo-2022 kwakuwukuthi imikhiqizo yezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo yazinza ezingeni eliphakathi kuya kweliphezulu, futhi yafinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu elisha engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, kanti ingxenye yesibili yonyaka yabuya ngokunengqondo. Nakuba amanani ezinhlobo ezithile zemithombo emikhulu, izinto eziphilayo, izinto ezingaphili, kanye nomanyolo ehla engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, aphinde abuya esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngokuyisisekelo abuyela emthethweni wemakethe. Isibonelo, ukwenyuka kwaminyaka yonke kwakungu-13%, 12%, 9%, kanye no-5% we-pyrine, i-benzide, i-nitric acid, kanye ne-aniline, okwehliswe ngokunengqondo lapho imakethe iphezulu maphakathi no-2022 noma ngo-Okthoba. Ngenxa yokuthi le mikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ifunwa kakhulu ezintweni zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo, isengakwazi ukugcina isikhundla esiqinile semakethe ngemva kokulungiswa kokwehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo efana ne-cycloidone, i-benzene emsulwa, i-ethylene oxide, i-styrene, kanye ne-acryline yehle ngo-14%, 10%, 9%, 5%, kanye no-4% ngokulandelana. Ngemva kwalokhu kunyuka okukhulayo, yehle yafinyelela ngaphakathi kuka-14% kokukhuphuka kanye nokwehla kwangaphakathi kuka-14%. Intengo ephelele yayisesimweni esiphakathi kuya phezulu, futhi yayizinzile. Indima yemithetho yokuphakelwa kwemakethe kanye nesidingo yaqina kancane kancane.
Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kukhombisa ukuthi ngo-2022, imakethe yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali izokhombisa inqubo yokubuyiselwa kwemakethe yokubuyela ekuqondeni nasekulandeleni imithetho yemakethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isici sokuqagela kwemakethe sesipholile, okusobala kakhulu emakethe yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yendabuko. Uma sibheka esikhathini esizayo, imikhiqizo yezinto eziyisisekelo zokusetshenziswa kulindeleke ukuthi iphele futhi izinze ngo-2023, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yendabuko ayikuchithi ithuba lokuhlanganiswa phansi, imikhiqizo yamandla emisha kunzima ukukhombisa ukwanda ngo-2022, kodwa amathuba okuthuthukiswa asathembisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-02-2023