Emhlanganweni wokuhlaziya imakethe kamanyolo we-nitrogen entwasahlobo ka-2023 owawuseJincheng, eSifundazweni saseShanxi ngesonto eledlule, uGu Zongqin, umongameli we-China Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association, ukhombe ukuthi ngo-2022, wonke amabhizinisi kamanyolo we-nitrogen azoqeda ngempumelelo umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen ngaphansi kwesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi sochungechunge lwezimboni olubi kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa, ukuhlinzekwa kwezimpahla eziqinile kanye namanani aphezulu. Kusukela kulesi simo samanje, ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo sikamanyolo we-nitrogen kulindeleke ukuthi kwande ngo-2023, futhi ibhalansi iyonke igcinwe.
Ukunikezwa kukhuphuke kancane
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla kuyindlela ebalulekile yokusekela ukukhiqizwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen. Ngonyaka odlule, inkinga yamandla yomhlaba wonke yabangela inkinga yamandla emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yengxabano phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, eyabangela umthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kukamanyolo we-nitrogen. UGu Zongqin uthe ukuthambekela kwemakethe kamanyolo wamandla, ukudla kanye namakhemikhali emhlabeni wonke kulo nyaka kusenokungabaza okukhulu, futhi kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni.
Ngokuphathelene nomkhuba wemboni kamanyolo we-nitrogen kulo nyaka, uWei Yong, umqondisi woMnyango Wezokwaziswa Nokumaketha we-Nitrogen Fertilizer Association, ukholelwa ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen kulo nyaka ngeke kuthinteke yizici zangaphandle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imakethe kamanyolo we-nitrogen izokhishwa kulo nyaka. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, amandla amasha okukhiqiza kamanyolo we-nitrogen anamathani angu-300,000 ngonyaka e-Xinjiang; cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.9 amandla amasha kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.7 amandla okufaka esikhundleni engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka afakwa ekukhiqizweni. Ngokuvamile, amathani ayizigidi ezimbili amandla okukhiqiza i-urea afakwe ekukhiqizweni ekupheleni kuka-2022 kanye namathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-2.5 amandla okukhiqiza ahlelwe ngo-2023 azokwenza ukuhlinzekwa kukamanyolo we-nitrogen kulo nyaka kwanele.
Isidingo sezolimo sizinzile
UWei Yong uthe ngo-2023, uMqulu weCentral Central No. 1 udinga imizamo egcwele yokuqonda ukukhiqizwa kokudla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokusanhlamvu kazwelonke ugcinwa ungaphezu kwama-1.3 trillion kg. Zonke izifundazwe (izifunda ezizimele kanye nomasipala) kumele ziqinise indawo, zigxile ekukhiqizeni, futhi zilwele ukwandisa umkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, isidingo salo nyaka sokuqina komanyolo we-nitrogen sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Kodwa-ke, inani elisetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni somanyolo we-potassium kanye nomanyolo we-phosphate lizokwehla, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwamanani esibabule, izindleko zokukhiqizwa komanyolo we-phosphate zehlile, ukuphikisana phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nesidingo somanyolo we-potassium kuyancishiswa, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kuncishiswe okunye komanyolo we-nitrogen kumanyolo we-phosphate kanye nomanyolo we-potassium.
UTian Youguo, iphini lomqondisi weNational Crop Seeds and Fertilizer Quality Inspection Center yoMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya, wabikezela ukuthi isidingo somanyolo wasekhaya ngo-2023 sasingaba ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-50.65, kanti ukunikezwa kwaminyaka yonke kwakungaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi ezingama-57.8, kanti ukunikezwa kwakungaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi eziyi-7.2. Phakathi kwabo, umanyolo we-nitrogen kulindeleke ukuthi ube ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-25.41, umanyolo we-phosphate kulindeleke ukuthi udinge amathani ayizigidi eziyi-12.03, kanti umanyolo we-potassium kulindeleke ukuthi udinge amathani ayizigidi eziyi-13.21.
UWei Yong uthe isidingo se-urea salo nyaka kwezolimo sizinzile, kanti isidingo se-urea sizobonisa nesimo esilinganiselwe. Ngo-2023, isidingo sokukhiqizwa kwe-urea ezweni lami singamathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.5, okungaphezu kwamathani angu-900,000 kunango-2022. Uma ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kukhuphuka, ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo kuzohlala kulinganiswa ngokuyisisekelo.
Ukusetshenziswa okungeyona eyezolimo kuyanda
UWei Yong uthe njengoba izwe lami linaka kakhulu ukuphepha kokusanhlamvu, isidingo sikamanyolo we-nitrogen kulindeleke ukuthi silondoloze umkhuba ozinzile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokulungiswa kanye nokwenza ngcono izinqubomgomo zokuvimbela ubhubhane, ukuvuselelwa komnotho wezwe lami kunamandla amahle, futhi isidingo se-urea kwezimboni kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule.
Uma sibheka ukunqunywa kusengaphambili kwesilinganiso sokukhula komnotho wezwe lami sokukhula komnotho waseShayina, isimo somnotho ezweni lakithi sihle njengamanje, futhi isidingo sesidingo esingezona ezolimo sizokhula. Ngokukhethekile, "Isibuyekezo Somnotho saseShayina sika-2022 kanye Nombono Wezomnotho ka-2023 kuCwaningo Lwezomnotho lwe-Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" sikholelwa ukuthi izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP yaseShayina ngo-2023 licishe libe ngu-5%. I-International Monetary Fund inyuse ukukhula kwe-GDP yaseShayina ngo-2023 kwaba ngu-5.2%. I-Citi Bank iphinde yanyusa ukukhula kwe-GDP yaseShayina ngo-2023 kusuka ku-5.3% kuya ku-5.7%.
Kulo nyaka, ukuchuma kwezindlu ezweni lami kukhule kakhulu. Abangaphakathi embonini baveze ukuthi inqubomgomo yezindlu esanda kwethulwa ezindaweni eziningi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlu, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaza isidingo sefenisha nokuthuthukiswa kwekhaya, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa isidingo se-urea. Kulindeleke ukuthi isidingo se-urea esingeyona eyezolimo kulo nyaka sizofinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingu-20.5, okuwukwenyuka kwamathani angaba yizigidi ezingu-1.5 unyaka nonyaka.
UZhang Jianhui, uNobhala-Jikelele weKomidi Lochwepheshe Le-Progressive Adhesive and Coatings le-China Forestry Industry Association, naye uvumelane nalokhu. Uthe ngokwenziwa ngcono nokulungiswa kwenqubomgomo yokuvimbela ubhubhane yezwe lami kulo nyaka kanye nokuqaliswa kwenqubomgomo entsha yezindlu, imakethe iye yasimama kancane kancane, futhi isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwamabhodi okwenziwa esiye sacindezelwa iminyaka emithathu ilandelana sizokhishwa ngokushesha. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodi okwenziwa aseShayina kuzofinyelela kumamitha ayi-cubic ayizigidi ezingu-340 ngo-2023, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwe-urea kuzodlula amathani ayizigidi ezingu-12.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-10-2023