I-Oxalic Acid

I-Oxalic Acidyinto e-organic. Ifomu lamakhemikhali yi-H₂C₂O₄. Kungumkhiqizo we-metabolic wezinto eziphilayo. Ingxenye enama-acid abuthakathaka amabili. Kusatshalaliswa kabanzi kwizitshalo, ezilwaneni nasezikhunta. Kwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ngezinto eziphilayo ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke, i-oxalic acid ivame ukubhekwa njengomphikisi ekuhlolweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zamaminerali. I-anydride yayo i-carbon trioxide.

Izici:Ishidi le-monoclinic elingenamibala noma i-crystal ye-prismatic noma i-powder emhlophe, i-oxalic acid adoriress nge-oxidation, ukunambitheka kwe-oxalic acid ngokuhlanganiswa. Sublimation ku-150 ~ 160 ℃. Kungahle kube khona emoyeni owomile oshisayo. I-1G incane emanzini angu-7ml, amanzi abilayo angu-2ml, i-2.5ml ethanol, i-1.8ml e-ethanol, i-100ml ether, i-chloroform ne-petroleum ether. I-0.1mol / L Isixazululo ine-PH ye-1.3. Ubuningi obuhlobene (amanzi = 1) ngu-1.653. Iphuzu elincibilikayo 189.5 ℃.

Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali:I-oxalic acid, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-glycolic acid, itholakala kabanzi ekudleni kwezitshalo. I-oxalic acid iyi-crystal ye-columrar engenamibala, incibilika emanzini hhayi kuma-organic solvents enjenge-ether,

I-Oxalate inomphumela wokuxhumana okuqinile futhi ngolunye uhlobo lwe-ejenti yensimbi yokudla okukudla kwezitshalo. Lapho i-oxalic acid ihlanganiswe nezinto ezithile zensimbi zomhlaba we-alkaline, i-solubenity yayo incishiswe kakhulu, njenge-calcium oxalate icishe ibe khona emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwe-oxalic acid kunethonya elikhulu ekubizeni amaminerali abalulekile; Lapho i-oxalic acid ihlanganiswe nezinto ezithile zensimbi ezishintshashintshayo, kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezincibilikayo ngenxa yesenzo sokuxhumana se-oxalic acid, kanye nokuboleka kwabo kukhuphuke kakhulu.

I-oxalic acid yaqala ukwengeza ku-100 ℃, isheshe yaqala ngo-125 ℃, futhi yangena kakhulu ku-157 ℃, futhi yaqala ukubola.

Ungasabela nge-alkali, angakhiqiza ukucaciswa, ama-acyl halogenation, ukusabela kwami. Ukuvuselelwa kokuncishiswa nakho kungenza, futhi ukusabela kwe-decalboxbox kungavela ngaphansi kokushisa. I-Anhydrous Oxalic Acid i-hygroscopic. I-oxalic acid yakha izakhiwo ezingena emanzini anezinsimbi eziningi.

I-Oxalate ejwayelekile:1, sodium oxalate; 2, i-potassium oxalate; 3, calcium oxalate; 4, oxalate oxakile; 5, antimony oxalate; 6, ammonium hydrogen oxalate; 7, Magnesiou oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.

Isicelo:

1.. Isetshenziselwa ukunqunywa kwe-beryllium, i-calcium, i-chromium, igolide, i-manganese, strontium, ne-thorium namanye ama-ion wensimbi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-picocrystal ye-sodium nezinye izinto. I-Pricipitate calcium, i-magnesium, ne-thorium kanye ne-rare emhlabeni. Isixazululo esijwayelekile sokulinganisa kwe-potanganum permanganate kanye nezixazululo ze-sulfate sulfate. I-Bleach. UDA Usizo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukususa ukugqwala ezingutsheni embonini yokwakha ngaphambi kokuxubha ukonga udonga lwangaphandle, ngoba udonga alkaline luqinile kufanele luqale ukuxubha i-oxalic acid alkali.

2. Imboni yezemithi esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-Aureomycin, i-OxytetracyCalline, i-streptomycin, i-Borneol, i-Vitamin B12, Phenobarbital nezinye izidakamizwa. Imboni yokuphrinta nokudaya esetshenziswe njengosizo lombala, i-bleach, i-Medical Imevili. Umkhakha wePlastics wokukhiqizwa kwe-PVC, i-Amino Plastics, urea - I-ForkDehyde Plastics.

I-3. Isetshenziswa njenge-catalyst ye-phenolic resin syntherthesis, ukusabela kwe-catalytic kuyinto ezinzile, inqubo iqinile, futhi isikhathi yinde kunazo zonke. Isixazululo se-acetoone oxalate singalinganisa ukusabela kwe-epoxy resin futhi sinciphise isikhathi sokwelapha. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengokwenziwa uReva OrdactDehyde Resin, Melamine FormatducyDehyde Resin PH Relator. Kungangezwa futhi ku-polyvinyl flaordeldehyde adhesive amanzi ukuze athuthukise isivinini sokomiswa namandla ebopha. Ibuye isetshenziswe njenge-Urea ForkDehyde Resin welapha, i-metal ion chelating ejenti. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-accelerant yokulungiselela ukunamathela kwesitashi nge-KMNO4 oxidant ukusheshisa isilinganiso se-oxidation futhi sinciphise isikhathi sokuphendula.

Njengomenzeli we-bleaching:

I-oxalic acid isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi njenge-agent kanye ne-bleach, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibiotic kanye ne-ellial nezinye izidakamizwa, kanye nokucoca kabusha izidakamizwa, ukunciphisa umenzi we-ejenti, njll.

I-oxalic acid ingasetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizweni kweCobalt-Molybdenum-aluminium Catalysts, ukuhlanza izinsimbi kanye nezimabula, nokugcwala kwezindwangu.

Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanza kwensimbi yensimbi kanye nokwelashwa, ukukhishwa komhlaba komhlaba okungavamile, ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya, ukucubungula kwesikhumba, ukulungiselela kwe-catalyst, njll.

Njengomenzeli oncishisiwe:

Embonini ye-organic synthensis kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwe-hydroquinone, i-pentaerrythritol, i-cobaltthal, i-cobalt oxalate, i-nickel oxalate, ama-gangic acid neminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.

Umkhakha wePlastics wokukhiqizwa kwe-PVC, i-Amino Plastics, i-Urea - I-OrganingDehyde Plastics, upende, njll.

Umkhakha wedayi usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza isisekelo esiluhlaza njalonjalo.

Umkhakha wokuphrinta nokudaya ungafaka esikhundleni se-acetic acid, esetshenziswa njengombala wombala wepeyi we-pigment, i-ejenti yokufafaza.

Umkhakha wezemithi wezokwenziwa kwe-Aureomycin, iTetracycline, StreptomyCin, i-Ephedrine.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oxalic acid nayo ingasetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni kwama-oxalate ester ahlukahlukene, ama-oxalate ne-oxalamide imikhiqizo, ne-diethelyl oxalate, i-sodium oxalate, i-calcium oxalate, i-calcium oxalate, neminye imikhiqizo ikhiqiza kakhulu.

Indlela yokugcina:

1. Faka uphawu endaweni eyomile nepholile. Ngokuqinile-ubufakazi, ubufakazi bamanzi nobufakazi belanga. Ukushisa kwesitoreji akufanele kudlule ama-40 ℃.

2. Gcina kude ne-oxides nezinto ze-alkaline. Sebenzisa izikhwama ezilukiwe zePolypropylene ezifakwe ezikhwameni zepulasitiki, ezingama-25kg / isikhwama.

Sekukonke, i-oxalic acid ingamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene anezicelo eziningi ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni. Izakhiwo zalo zikwenza kube yikhetho oluhle lokuhlanza, ukucwilisa nokuzijabulisa, futhi lunezicelo eziningi ezimbonini zezindwangu, egadi nasezintweni ezisebenza ngezinsimbi. Kodwa-ke, izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zithathwe lapho usebenzisa la makhemikhali, njengoba kunobuthi futhi kungaba yingozi uma kungaphathwa kahle.