Umoya wasentwasahlobo ufudumele, futhi konke kuyabuyiselwa. Amasimu nezindawo zokugcina izithombo kukhombisa indawo ematasa yentwasahlobo ekhuthele ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Njengoba isimo sezulu sishisa, ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kuthuthukile kusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho, futhi isizini ephezulu yomanyolo we-phosphate nayo isifikile. “Nakuba isizini yomanyolo ilibazisekile kulo nyaka, izinga lokusebenza kwemboni yomanyolo we-phosphate likhuphuke kakhulu ngemuva koMkhosi waseNtwasahlobo. Ukunikezwa komanyolo we-phosphate ogciniwe kuqinisekisiwe, okungahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zokulima nokusetshenziswa kwentwasahlobo. Endabeni yokongiwa kwemvelo iyonke, intengo yomanyolo we-phosphate ngesikhathi sokulima kwentwasahlobo izohlala kahle.
Isiqinisekiso esinamandla sokutholakala kanye nesidingo
Ngemva koMkhosi waseNtwasahlobo, ngenxa yesidingo esiqinile semakethe yokulima yasentwasahlobo, kwaqala ngokulandelana, kanye nokuqaliswa kwenqubomgomo kazwelonke yokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kanye nentengo ezinzile, izinga lokusebenza lilonke lemboni kamanyolo we-phosphate laqhubeka nokukhuphuka, futhi umkhiqizo wanda kancane kancane. “Nakuba amanye amabhizinisi ebhekane nobunzima ekuthengweni kwe-phosphate ore, iningi lawo linophethiloli oluhlaza owanele njenge-phosphate ore, i-sulfur kanye ne-synthetic ammonia, kanye nokukhiqizwa okuvamile kwezitshalo. Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla lilonke lemboni ye-monoammonium phosphate kanye ne-diammonium phosphate licishe libe ngu-70%. “Kusho uWang Ying.
Ukutholakala ngokweqile kwe-monoammonium phosphate kanye ne-diammonium phosphate eShayina kubi kakhulu, ngakho-ke yize kunenani elikhulu lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe minyaka yonke, kusengakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwasekhaya. Njengamanje, imboni kamanyolo we-phosphate esilinganisweni sokusebenza ayifinyeleli ku-80% wecala, hhayi nje ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sasekhaya, kodwa futhi nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuhlelekile, ngakho-ke akukho nkinga ekuhlinzekweni kwezolimo zasentwasahlobo.
Ngokusho kukaLi Hui, umqondisi we-China Fertilizer Information Center, i-Central Document No. 1 esanda kukhishwa iphinde yakhuluma ngenkinga yokuphepha kokudla kanye nokukhiqizwa okuzinzile kanye nokwanda komkhiqizo, okwavuselela intshiseko yabalimi yokutshala, ngaleyo ndlela kwathuthukisa izidingo zemikhiqizo yezolimo njengomanyolo we-phosphate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso esandile somanyolo omusha kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo komanyolo omusha osekelwe kumanyolo wokukhulula olawula kancane, umanyolo we-nitro compound, umanyolo oncibilikayo emanzini, umanyolo wamagciwane kanye nomanyolo wephakheji, njll., nakho kukhuthaze ukukhula kwesidingo somanyolo we-phosphate ngezinga elithile.
“NgoFebhuwari, isilinganiso sempahla yezinkampani ze-cyclopylodium-phosphate sasingamathani angaba ngu-69,000, ukwanda okungu-118.92% ngonyaka; isilinganiso sempahla yenkampani eyodwa ye-ammonium-phosphate sasingamathani angaba ngu-83,800, ukwanda okungu-4.09% ngonyaka.” Ngaphansi komthethonqubo wenqubomgomo enkulu yentengo eqinisekisiwe kahulumeni, kulindeleke ukuthi ukunikezwa komanyolo wokulima entwasahlobo emakethe kamanyolo we-phosphate kulindeleke ukuthi kuqinisekiswe.
Amanani azinzile futhi ayathuthuka
Njengamanje, imakethe yokuvuselelwa kwe-phosphorus isesikhathini esiphezulu sokulima kwentwasahlobo. Izwe lethule uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo zokuzinza kokutholakala, futhi intengo yomanyolo we-phosphate kulindeleke ukuthi ibuyele emuva.
“Intengo ye-phosphorus ore ikhuphuke njalo, intengo yesulfure ikhuphuka, i-ammonia ewuketshezi izinzile futhi ilungile, futhi izici eziphelele zikhuthaza ukwesekwa kwezindleko zomanyolo we-phosphate.” kusho uQiao Liying.
UWang Fuguang uhlaziye ukuthi ukutholakala kwamanje kwemithombo ye-phosphorus ore yasekhaya kuncane, isitokwe ngokuvamile siphansi, futhi inani lamabhizinisi lanele. Sekukonke, ngenxa yokuqina kwemithombo ye-phosphate ore, ukutholakala kwemakethe kuyaqina, futhi intengo ye-phosphate ore yesikhathi esifushane isalokhu isezingeni eliphezulu.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi i-granular yellow mainstream yasechwebeni loMfula iYangtze inikeza ama-yuan angu-1300 (intengo yamathani, efanayo ngezansi), uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenyuka kwangaphambilini kwama-yuan angu-30. Umkhuba wemakethe ye-phosphate ore muhle, futhi intengo inyuswa kancane. Isilinganiso sepuleti lemoto ye-phosphate ore engu-30% endaweni yaseGuizhou singama-yuan angu-980 ~ 1100, isilinganiso sepuleti lemikhumbi ye-phosphate ore engu-30% endaweni yaseHubei singama-yuan angu-1035 ~ 1045, kanti isilinganiso se-phosphate ore engu-30% endaweni yaseYunnan singama-yuan angu-1050 noma ngaphezulu. Ukulungiswa nokwehluleka kwesitshalo se-ammonia sokwenziwa akukatholakali ngokugcwele, futhi ukunikezwa kwemakethe kusaqinile, okuholela ekutheni intengo ye-ammonia yokwenziwa iphinde inyuswe, ngama-yuan angu-50 ~ 100 enkabeni nasempumalanga yeShayina.
"I-phosphorus ore iyisisetshenziswa esigciniwe esinobuqhinga, esivinjelwe ukuphepha, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nezinye izici, esithinta ukumbiwa kwezimayini, okuholela entengo yaso eqinile. Futhi isibabule sidinga inani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, amanani akamuva esibabule, i-sulfur acid nawo ayakhuphuka, okwandisa cishe izindleko zokukhiqiza umanyolo we-phosphate. Ngicabanga ukuthi intengo yomanyolo we-phosphorus izozinza ngesikhathi sokulima kwentwasahlobo, kodwa futhi kukhona ithuba lokuthola inzuzo encane." kusho uZhao Chengyun.
Njengamanje, ukuphela kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-monoammonium phosphate kuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, ukwesekwa okuhle kuyathuthuka, i-Hubei 55% powder monoammonium phosphate main factory quotation engu-3200 ~ 3350 yuan, umqondo wokuthengwa komanyolo ohlanganisiwe ongezansi usubuyile, imakethe yesikhathi esizayo kulindeleke ukuthi inyuse ukuthenga kwabathengisi, imakethe ye-monoammonium phosphate nayo izoshisa; Umuzwa wemakethe we-diammonium phosphate uthuthukile, indawo yaseHubei ingu-64% we-quotation main factory ye-diammonium phosphate cishe ingu-3800 yuan, imakethe ishesha, abadayisi abaphansi balinde futhi babone umuzwa ubuthakathaka kancane.
Gwema ukuthenga okuhlanganisiwe
Abantu abangaphakathi embonini bakholelwa ukuthi, nakuba isikhathi somanyolo wokulima entwasahlobo yalo nyaka sibambezelekile cishe izinsuku ezingu-20, kodwa ngokufika kwesidingo esiqinile, amanani kamanyolo we-phosphate asazohlala eqinile futhi amancane, abathengisi okufanele bathenge kusenesikhathi ukuze bagweme ukuthenga okuphakathi okubangelwa ingozi yokwenyuka kwentengo.
"Sekukonke, ukusebenza kwemakethe yamanje kamanyolo we-phosphate kuyaqhubeka, intengo yesikhashana izozinza. Ekugcineni, kufanele sinake kakhulu izinguquko ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, isidingo sokulima entwasahlobo, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe." kusho uJoli Ying.
"Ngenxa yokuzuza ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, isidingo samabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate sinamandla, okwenza isidingo se-phosphate, indlela yokumanzisa yokuhlanza i-phosphate, kanye ne-phosphate yezimboni sisebenze kahle. Sisebenza ngesimo esizinzile. "UWang Ying uthe imboni kamanyolo we-phosphate kufanele ibhekane nobubanzi obufanele bentengo, inake umthelela wezinhlekelele zesimo sezulu kwezolimo kanye nokwandiswa kwendawo yokutshala, futhi yenze ucwaningo nokwahlulela ezinguqukweni zezinto eziningi ezihlobene, igweme izingozi, iqaphele imboni, iqaphele imboni Ukusebenza okuzinzile futhi ilwele izinzuzo eziphezulu."
UWang Fuguang unxuse amabhizinisi kamanyolo ahlanganisiwe kanye nabathengisi bezimali zezolimo ukuthi bahlanganyele ngenkuthalo kumanyolo wokulima entwasahlobo, babheke kahle izimo zemakethe zamanje, bagcine ngokunengqondo ukulima entwasahlobo futhi basebenzise umanyolo kanye nomanyolo wasehlobo. Ukungalingani kwamanani.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-15-2023