Kusukela ngoFebhuwari, ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization yasekhaya kwe-diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) emakethe kuye kwehla, kodwa amanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa akhuphuka kancane kancane, njengoFebhuwari 20 esifundeni saseShandong i-aniline ikhuphuke ngo-1000 yuan (intengo yamathani, efanayo ngezansi). "Izindleko zisekela isidingo esinamandla sokumboza phansi kancane kancane, noma zizoxosha imakethe ye-MDI ehlanganisiwe iphume esimweni esinzima, zivule imakethe." Abantu abaningi embonini benze ucwaningo kanye nokwahlulela okungenhla.
Ukusekelwa kwezindleko okunamandla
I-aniline yezinto ezingavuthiwe ibiza u-75% wezindleko ze-MDI. Muva nje, intengo ye-aniline iyakhuphuka, futhi ukwesekwa kwezindleko ze-MDI kuyaqiniswa.
Kuze kube nguFebhuwari 21, intengo yemakethe ye-aniline yaseNyakatho China yayingu-12,200 yuan, ikhuphuke ngo-1950 yuan uma kuqhathaniswa noJanuwari 28, okuwukwenyuka ngo-19.12%; Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 17, ikhuphuke ngo-1200 yuan, noma u-10.96%.
"Ukwanda okukhulu emakethe ye-aniline kubangelwa kakhulu ukwanda kwama-oda aphakathi naphansi. Isidingo se-aniline sanda, futhi inani lamayunithi okukhiqiza lizovalwa ukuze kulungiswe, ukuzethemba kwemakethe kwanda, abakhiqizi basheshe basuse isitokwe, futhi intengo ye-aniline yanda kakhulu." kusho ukuhlaziywa konjiniyela omkhulu weShandong Kenli Petrochemical Group uWang Quanping.
Njengamanje, iNanhua imise idivayisi ye-aniline engamathani ayi-100,000 ngonyaka; Indawo yokupaka uhlelo lokufaka iChongqing BASF engamathani ayi-300,000 ngonyaka, okulindeleke ukuthi ihlale inyanga eyi-1; I-Ningbo Wanhua engamathani ayi-720,000 ngonyaka ukusebenza komthwalo ongu-50%.
Kusukela embonweni ongenhla we-aniline, imakethe yasekhaya emsulwa ye-benzene ishaqeke kakhulu. Ukuqaliswa okusebenzayo kwe-oda lokulethwa kwempahla eMpumalanga China, isitokwe sechweba sehle kancane. Imakethe yase-United States emsulwa ye-benzene inyukile, intengo yangaphandle inyukile, intengo yasekhaya ye-benzene emsulwa “ekhonkiwe”, umnikazi we-bullish ntambama.
“Ngaphambi kokuba intengo ye-aniline ingakhuphuki, inzuzo emaphakathi yefektri ye-MDI ye-polymerization yasekhaya yayicishe ibe yi-3273 yuan. Ukwanda kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuzocindezela ngokungenakugwenywa isikhala senzuzo ye-MDI ye-polymerization, kuthuthukise ukuzimisela kwabakhiqizi ukukhokha intengo.” UWang Quanping uthe emakethe yantambama, ukunikezwa kwe-aniline kusobala ukuthi kuncishisiwe, futhi isitokwe singase sehle siye ezingeni eliphansi. Kulindeleke ukuthi intengo ye-aniline izoqhubeka nokukhuphuka esikhathini esifushane, yakha ukwesekwa kwemakethe ye-MDI ye-polymerized naphezu kwezindleko.
Funa ukulungiswa okuhamba kancane kancane
Njengoba imakethe ye-polyether ye-polymeric MDI engezansi iye yathuthuka kancane kancane muva nje. Iqhutshwa yi-propylene oxide njengento eluhlaza, imakethe ye-polyether ivula imodi yokudonsa. Cishe inyanga eyodwa, intengo ye-polyether yenyuke kancane, isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi, uMkhosi waseNtwasahlobo ukhuphuke ngama-yuan angu-800.
Kusukela ohlangothini lokuphakelwa, umthwalo we-polyether wanele, kodwa umthombo oyinhloko wokungenisa izimpahla ukuze ugcine isimo siqinile. Izimboni ezinkulu enyakatho naseningizimu zizimisele ukusekela imakethe, futhi iningi lesikhala sokusebenza sezitshalo ze-polyether lisanqunyelwe yi-propylene oxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi banempahla ethile, futhi ngemva koMkhosi WaseNtwasahlobo, imakethe ye-propylene oxide isesimweni esimangalisayo sokwenyuka, futhi izindleko zempahla yemikhiqizo eqediwe aziphansi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuzimisela okukhulu kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kuyinto eyinhloko esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
“Muva nje, kulindeleke ukuthi ukungeniswa kwezimpahla kuhambisane, kodwa inani le-polyether ethambile yebhamuza lincane, ifektri enkulu yasekhaya inamathela esimweni sengqondo sedolobha.” kusho unjiniyela omkhulu we-Shandong Institute of industry and Information Technology uPan Jinsong.
Ngokombono wesidingo, ukuhleleka kwama-oda esiponji okuhweba kwangaphakathi okuphansi kuzinzile, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zamabhizinisi okukhiqiza kuzoba ngoMashi. NgoMashi, kuzoba nombukiso wefenisha, noma kuzoletha izinzuzo ezinhle emakethe yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ukuhleleka kwamabhizinisi esiponji okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokuvamile. Yinyanga Yamalungu e-Amazon ngoJulayi. Kulindeleke ukuthi izoba nendima ethile ehamba phambili emabhizinisini esiponji ohlobo lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngemuva kuka-Ephreli.
Ngokombono wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlobisa okusha kwe-oxide ye-oxide ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kungokwe-satellite petrochemical kuphela, kanye nokulindela okulindelekile kwedivayisi ye-Ida noma ukuqala kabusha. Amadivayisi asele awakhuphuki kakhulu kugesi. Njengoba isigaba sokuqala se-Zhenhai Refining and Chemical sipakwe, ukunikezwa kwemakethe akuphezulu, futhi ukwesekwa kwezindleko kuphakeme kakhulu. Kulindeleke ukuthi amanani e-oxide propyne athambekele ekukhuphukeni futhi kunzima ukwehla, futhi asasekela imakethe ye-polyether.
Sekukonke, kunezimpawu zesidingo sokugcina, okuzokwenza imakethe ye-MDI iyonke ikhuphuke.
Ukuncipha okulindelekile kokuhlinzekwa
Njengamanje, ukwehla kwemakethe ye-MDI yasekhaya kuye kwehla, futhi intengo yesipho ikakhulukazi ingu-15,500 ~ 15,800 yuan, kanti intengo yesipho yezimpahla ezingenisiwe (MR200, M200) ingu-15,300 ~ 15,600 yuan.
"Njengamanje, intengo ye-MDI yokuhlanganisa isezingeni eliphansi cishe eminyakeni emithathu. Ngaphansi kwethemba lokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo zokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane kanye nokululama komnotho okulindile, imakethe ye-MDI ehlanganisiwe ikhuphuka kancane kancane ngezigaba. Abahlinzeki bashintshana isikhathi sesikhala futhi kancane kancane baqhubekela phambili ngokulawulwa kwemakethe ngokuya ngesivinini sokusetshenziswa ekugcineni kwesidingo." kusho uPan Jinsong.
Kusukela ohlangothini lokunikezwa, ukunikezwa kulinganiselwe, okunikezwayo kwe-MDI okuhlanganisiwe kuhlala kuphezulu, isimo sengqondo semakethe siqaphile. Ngokugcinwa kwabahlinzeki kanye nokulethwa okuhamba kancane, i-oda lokufunwa ligxile kakhulu, isimo sokuthenga siyashisa, futhi isikhungo sokudonsa amandla sensimu ye-MDI ehlanganisiwe siyakhuphuka.
Ngokuphathelene nemishini, imishini ye-MDI engamathani angu-400,000 ngonyaka eChongqing iqale ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari 5, okulindeleke ukuthi ihlale kuze kube maphakathi noMashi. Imishini ye-Ningbo engamathani angu-800,000 ngonyaka izomiswa ukuze ilungiswe kusukela ngomhlaka-13 kuFebhuwari, ihlale izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-MDI okuhlanganisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi kube ngamathani angaba ngu-152,000 ngoFebhuwari, kwehle ngamathani angu-23,300 kusukela ngenyanga edlule.
Ngamafuphi, ukwesekwa okunamandla kwezindleko ze-MDI ehlanganisiwe, ukuncipha okulindelekile kokuhlinzekwa kwemakethe, kanye nokubuya kancane kancane kwesidingo esingezansi, la mandla amathathu ahlangene angasiza imakethe ye-MDI ukuthi isuse ubuthakathaka futhi iphume egagasini lokukhula.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-06-2023