Ngomhla zi-2 kuMbasa, 2025, uDonald Trump wasayina imiyalo emibili “yentela ehambisanayo” e-White House, ebeka u-10% “intela encane eyisisekelo” kubalingani bezohwebo abangaphezu kwama-40 i-US eqhuba ngayo ukushoda kwezohwebo. I-China ibhekene nentela engama-34%, okuzohlanganiswa nenani elikhona lika-20%, lizokwenza isamba esingu-54%. Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuMbasa, i-US yaphinde yabhebhethekisa ukungezwani, yasabisa intela eyengeziwe engu-50% ezimpahleni zaseShayina kusukela ngo-Ephreli 9. Kuhlanganisa nokukhuphuka kathathu kwangaphambilini, ukuthunyelwa kwamaShayina kwamanye amazwe e-US kungase kubhekane nezintela ezifika ku-104%. Ukuphendula, i-China izobeka intela engu-34% ezintweni ezithengwayo ezivela e-US Ngabe lokhu kuzoba nomthelela kanjani embonini yamakhemikhali yasekhaya?
Ngokusho kwedatha yango-2024 mayelana nokungeniswa kwamakhemikhali aphezulu angama-20 e-China avela e-US, le mikhiqizo ngokuyinhloko igxiliswe ku-propane, i-polyethylene, i-ethylene glycol, igesi yemvelo, uwoyela ongahluziwe, amalahle, nama-catalysts—ikakhulukazi izinto ezingavuthiwe, izimpahla ezicutshungulwayo eziyinhloko, nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali. Phakathi kwazo, ama-acyclic hydrocarbons agcwele kanye ne-akhawunti ye-propane eyi-liquefied engu-98.7% kanye no-59.3% wezinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zase-US, namavolumu afinyelela kumathani angama-553,000 kanye namathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.73, ngokulandelana. Inani lokungenisa le-liquefied propane iyodwa lifinyelele ku-$11.11 billion. Nakuba uwoyela ongahluziwe, igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi, kanye namalahle okuphekwa amalahle nakho kunenani eliphakeme lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, amasheya awo wonke angaphansi kuka-10%, okuwenza athathelwe indawo kakhulu kuneminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali. Izintela ezihambisanayo zingase zinyuse izindleko zokungenisa futhi zehlise amanani ezimpahla ezifana ne-propane, okungenzeka zinyuse izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nokuqinisa ukunikezwa kokuphuma komfula. Kodwa-ke, umthelela ekuthengisweni kukawoyela ongahluziwe, igesi yemvelo, namalahle amalahle kulindeleke ukuba ube nomkhawulo.
Ngasohlangothini lokuthekelisa, ukuthunyelwa kwamakhemikhali aphezulu angama-20 e-China e-US ngo-2024 kwakubuswa amapulasitiki nemikhiqizo ehlobene, uphethiloli wamaminerali, uwoyela wamaminerali kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhluza, amakhemikhali e-organic, amakhemikhali ayingxube, kanye nemikhiqizo yenjoloba. Ipulasitiki iyodwa yaba yizinto ezingu-12 kwezingu-20 eziphezulu, ezithunyelwa ngaphandle zibiza amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-17.69. Amakhemikhali amaningi athunyelwa ngaphandle aboshwe e-US enza ngaphansi kuka-30% yenani lonke laseShayina, kanti amagilavu e-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) aphezulu kunawo wonke ngo-46.2%. Ukulungiswa kwezindleko kungase kuthinte amapulasitiki, amafutha amaminerali, nemikhiqizo yenjoloba, lapho i-China inesabelo esikhulu kakhulu sokuthumela ngaphandle. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwezinkampani zaseShayina emhlabeni jikelele kungasiza ekwehliseni ukushaqeka kwentela.
Ngokumelene nesizinda sezintela ezikhulayo, ukuntengantenga kwenqubomgomo kungase kuphazamise isidingo namanani entengo amakhemikhali athile. Emakethe yokuthekelisa yase-US, izigaba ezinomthamo omkhulu njengemikhiqizo yepulasitiki namathayi zingabhekana nengcindezi enkulu. Ezingenisiwe ezivela e-US, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinqwaba ezifana ne-propane nama-acyclic hydrocarbon agcwele, athembele kakhulu kubahlinzeki baseMelika, angabona umthelela ophawulekayo ekuzinzeni kwamanani kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali esezingeni eliphansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-18-2025