Imboni ye-acetic acid yomhlaba wonke ishintsha kakhulu isakhiwo kwikota yesithathu ka-2026, kulandela ukumiswa okungenamkhawulo kwenkampani yokugcina yokukhiqizwa kwe-acetic acid enkulu eYurophu yi-INEOS Group, umkhiqizi wamakhemikhali ohamba phambili emhlabeni jikelele. Iqhutshwa yizindleko zegesi yemvelo ezikhulayo, ukushintshashintsha kwezintambo zokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke, kanye nesidingo esinamandla esiqhubekayo, imakethe ye-acetic acid ibona izinguquko ezinkulu zephethini yokuphakelwa, ukuguquguquka kwentengo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe okusheshayo kuzo zonke izifunda.
Ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba 2026, i-INEOS yamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukukhishwa kwamayunithi amathathu okukhiqiza ama-acetyl asezingeni lomhlaba aseHull, e-UK, okubonisa ukuhoxiswa ngokuphelele kwamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza i-acetic acid evela ezwekazini laseYurophu. Ngokusho kwesitatimende esisemthethweni senkampani, imigqa emibili kwezintathu yokukhiqiza isivele iyekile ukusebenza, kanti iyunithi yokugcina ihlelelwe ukuvalwa zingakapheli izinsuku. Izikhungo ezimisiwe zimelela uhlelo lokugcina lokukhiqiza i-acetic acid oluhlanganisiwe lwaseYurophu, okuqeda isimo sesifunda seminyaka eminingi njengomhlinzeki oyinhloko womhlaba wonke we-acetic acid kanye nemikhiqizo evela kuyo.
Umshayeli oyinhloko ngemuva kokumiswa komkhiqizo wasendulo yizindleko zamandla eziphakeme eziqhubekayo ezihlupha izimboni zokukhiqiza zaseYurophu. Njengoba amanani entengo kaphethiloli yemvelo ehlala emazingeni aphezulu kulo lonke izwekazi, inqubo yokukhiqiza i-acetic acid edinga amandla ilahlekelwe ukuncintisana kwayo ngezindleko. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezisekelo zokukhiqiza ezingabizi kakhulu eShayina, e-United States, naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, abakhiqizi be-acetic acid baseYurophu babanjwe yinzuzo enciphayo kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungena kwemikhiqizo ye-acetic acid engeniswayo engabizi kakhulu kuye kwacindezela isabelo semakethe sendawo, kwaphoqa i-INEOS ukuthi yenze isinqumo esinzima sokumisa ukukhiqizwa unomphela.
Ukuvalwa kwemboni kubangele umthelela omkhulu embonini nakwezenhlalo e-UK naseYurophu. Imininingwane yezimboni zasendaweni ikhombisa ukuthi izitshalo ezintathu zaseHull zisekela cishe imisebenzi eqondile nengaqondile engu-4,000, ehlanganisa imisebenzi yokukhiqiza, ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nezinhlelo zokufunda umsebenzi wezimboni. Ukumiswa kokukhiqiza ngokuzumayo kubangele ukukhathazeka okukhulu phakathi konjiniyela bendawo kanye nabahlanganyeli be-supply chain yezimboni, kuyilapho kudala igebe elikhulu lokunikezwa kwemikhiqizo emakethe yesifunda saseYurophu ye-acetic acid.
Naphezu kokuncipha kokuhlinzekwa eYurophu, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-acetic acid igcina ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwesidingo ngo-2026. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yamakhemikhali ayisisekelo, i-acetic acid, ikakhulukazi i-glacial acetic acid ehlanzekile kakhulu enokuhlanzeka okungaphezu kuka-98%, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwe-vinyl acetate monomer (VAM), ekukhiqizweni kwe-terephthalic acid (PTA), ekucutshungulweni kokudla, ekukhiqizweni kwemithi, kanye nasezimbonini zokuvikela imvelo. Imibiko yemakethe yezimboni ikhombisa ukuthi i-glacial acetic acid ibangele u-87.6% wesidingo semakethe yomhlaba wonke ngo-2026, kanti isidingo somkhiqizo ohlanzekile kakhulu siqhubeka nokukhula phakathi kokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni okuphansi.
Ukungalingani kokunikezwa kwesifunda kube yisici esivelele kakhulu emakethe yamanje. Ngenkathi iYurophu ibhekene nokuhoxiswa komthamo kanye nokuntuleka kokunikezwa, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ithembele kakhulu emandleni okukhiqiza avela e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika ukugcwalisa igebe. Ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2026, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-methanol okuqinile eMpumalanga Ephakathi kwakhuphula amanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa zomhlaba wonke, okwenza ukwanda okulinganiselwe kwamanani e-spot acetic acid ezimakethe zaseYurophu nezamazwe ngamazwe kube ngcono. Okwamanje, abakhiqizi bomhlaba wonke basheshisa ukwenziwa kabusha kobuchwepheshe ukuze babhekane nezingcindezi zezindleko kanye nezinguquko zemakethe.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwe-Carbonylation, obubusa ngaphezu kwama-75% wamandla okukhiqiza i-acetic acid emhlabeni wonke, sebube yindlela eyinhloko yokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ngo-2026. Amabhizinisi amakhulu amakhemikhali agxile ekwenzeni ngcono i-catalyst, ukuhlanganiswa kokushisa kokukhiqiza, kanye nokuguqulwa kokulawulwa kwenqubo yedijithali ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza zendabuko zokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu ziyaqedwa kancane kancane, kuyilapho imigqa yokukhiqiza esebenza kahle kakhulu, ene-carbon ephansi ithola amandla emakethe.
Abahlaziyi bezimboni baveze ukuthi ukuvalwa kwamandla aseYurophu ngeke kubangele inkinga yokuphakelwa komhlaba wonke esikhathini esifushane, kodwa kuzokwakha kabusha iphethini yokuhweba nge-acetic acid yomhlaba wonke. Isidingo semakethe yaseYurophu sizoncika ngokuphelele emikhiqizweni engeniswayo evela e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika esikhathini esizayo, okuzoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukugeleza kokuhweba ngamakhemikhali kwezifunda. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imboni yomhlaba wonke ye-acetic acid izoletha ukuthambekela kwentuthuko yeukuhlushwa kwesifunda kwamandla okukhiqiza, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo ehlanzekile kakhulu, kanye nokukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile okungenakhabhoni ephansi.
Uma sibheka phambili kwikota yesine ka-2026 no-2027, ukugxila kwemakethe kuzoshintshela ezindleleni zamanani e-energy aseYurophu, umjikelezo wokuqalisa kabusha kwamayunithi angasebenzi e-INEOS, kanye nenqubekela phambili yokukhishwa kwamandla amasha okukhiqiza e-Asia. Njengoba kunesidingo esizinzile sezinto ezintsha, imithi, namakhemikhali amahle, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-acetic acid kulindeleke ukuthi igcine ukuthambekela okukhuphukayo okuqhubekayo, kuyilapho ukuncintisana kwezimboni kuzoshintsha kusuka ekuncintisaneni kwamanani okulula kuya ekuncintisaneni kwamandla okukhiqiza kwezobuchwepheshe nokuluhlaza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-30-2026